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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(3): 962-968, Sept. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954215

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed at comparing the commonly used metachromatic stains viz., Papanicolaou stain, WrightGiemsa, Toluidine blue and Methylene blue in the assessment of cell types of the oestrous cycle in rats. Eight female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8-9 weeks were used for this assessment. Cotton Swabs were gently inserted in the animals vagina to obtain cells from which they were then transferred to glass slides for staining and evaluation under microscopy. The different cell types were compared for their morphological features and clarity of cellular detail under all four stains. The application, advantages and limitations of all stains were then discussed. It was concluded that the selection of the most effective stain in the assessment of vaginal cytology depends on their application to clinical or research which was based on the cellular detail of interest, time, cost and availability of each staining procedure.


El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar las tinciones metacromáticas comúnmente utilizadas, Wright's-Giemsa, azul de toluidina, azul de metileno y tinción de Papanicolaou, en la evaluación de los tipos de células del ciclo estral en ratas. El estudio se realizó en ocho ratas hembras SpragueDawley, con edades entre 8 y 9 semanas, y se usaron hisopos vaginales de algodón para preparar portaobjetos. Los diferentes tipos de células se compararon por sus características morfológicas y claridad en las cuatro tinciones. La aplicación, ventajas y limitaciones de todas las tinciones fueron discutidas. Se concluye que la selección de la tinción más efectiva en la evaluación de la citología vaginal depende de su uso, es decir, clínico o de investigación, el detalle celular de interés, tiempo, costo y disponibilidad.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Staining and Labeling/methods , Vagina/cytology , Cytological Techniques/methods , Estrous Cycle , Azure Stains , Tolonium Chloride , Coloring Agents , Papanicolaou Test , Methylene Blue
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(3): 888-893, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-694972

ABSTRACT

La citología vaginal puede usarse para caracterizar estados del ciclo reproductivo de la hembra. Sin embargo, no ha sido validada en ovinos de pelo, y ofrece resultados inexactos debido a interpretaciones subjetivas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es tipificar las características morfológicas y morfométricas de las células epiteliales de la vagina durante el ciclo estral en ovinos de pelo. Cinco borregas Santa Cruz se sincronizaron con esponjas intravaginales. Desde el día del 1er celo posterior al retiro de la esponja y hasta el siguiente celo, se obtuvieron muestras diarias del epitelio vaginal de cada oveja, y se cuantificó el número de células parabasales, intermedias y superficiales, y se midió la longitud, perímetro y área de citoplasma y núcleo de cada una. Los resultados muestran que las células superficiales incrementan (P<0,05) durante el estro en comparación con el diestro. En contraste, el número de células parabasales e intermedias es mayor (P<0,05) durante el diestro que en el estro. Las células más grandes (36,11+/-0,38 µm) y núcleos más pequeños (8,46+/-0,12 µm) se encontraron durante el estro, independientemente del tipo de célula, mientras que citoplasmas más pequeños (26,72+/-0,11 µm) y núcleos más grandes (10,48+/-0,02 µm) se observaron durante el diestro. Se concluye que la morfología de las células epiteliales de la vagina de la oveja de pelo coincide con las variaciones encontradas en otras hembras, y que el tamaño de citoplasmas y núcleos presenta un patrón cíclico que puede utilizarse para determinar de manera objetiva la etapa del ciclo estral de la oveja.


Vaginal cytology can be used to characterize stages of the reproductive cycle of the female. However, it has not been validated in hair sheep, and generates inaccurate results due to subjective interpretations. Thus, the purpose of the present work is to typify morphologic and morphometric characteristics of the epithelial cells from the vagina during the estrous cycle of hair sheep. Five Saint Croix ewes were synchronized with intravaginal sponges. Day zero of the cycle was considered the day of first estrus after sponge withdrawal. From this day until next estrus, samples from the vaginal epithelium were obtained daily from each ewe. The number of basal, intermediate and superficial cells was quantified, and length, perimeter, and area from cytoplasm and nucleus were obtained. The results show that the number of superficial cells increase (P<0.05) during estrus and decrease during the rest of the cycle. In contrast, the number of basal and intermediate cells showed an inverse pattern. The largest cells (36.11+/-0.38 µm) and smallest nucleuses (8.46+/-0.12 µm) were present during estrus, regardless of the cell type, while the smallest cells (26.72+/-0.11 µm) and larger nucleuses (10.48+/-0.02 µm) were observed during diestrus. It was concluded that citology of the epithelial cells from the vagina of hair ewes is in accord with changes found in other female spices, and that cytoplasm and nucleus sizes display a cyclic pattern that might be used to objectively determine the specific estrous cycle phase of the ewes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Epithelial Cells/cytology , Estrous Cycle , Sheep/anatomy & histology , Vagina/cytology
3.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 33-42, 2011.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-983622

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the application value of laser capture microdissection (LCM) technique for isolating a small number of sperm cells from mixture sample.@*METHODS@#Mixture samples were prepared with sperm cells and vaginal epithelia at different concentrations. Both LCM technique and the differential lysis method were employed to obtain sperm cells from the mixture samples, and DNA was extracted by magnetic beads method. STR genotyping was determined using Identifiler kit.@*RESULTS@#The successful STR genotype rate of sperm cells isolated from mixture samples with LCM technique was 92.86% (13/14). The rate of differential lysis method was 7.14% (1/14). The successful rates between the two methods were statistically different (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#LCM technique can effectively exclude the interference of female cell component and isolate a small number of sperm cells to obtain a single male STR genotyping. LCM technique is obviously better than the differential lysis method.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Cell Separation/methods , DNA/isolation & purification , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , Epithelial Cells , Forensic Medicine/methods , Genotype , Laser Capture Microdissection/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Spermatozoa/cytology , Staining and Labeling , Tandem Repeat Sequences , Vagina/cytology
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 28(3): 923-928, Sept. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-577215

ABSTRACT

The characteristics of exfoliated vaginal cells and vulvar biometry following estrus synchronization via two injections of 5mg Lutalyse® administered 7 days apart were investigated with the aim of their possible use to predict estrus in six adult WAD does. Four adult WAD bucks recently passed as satisfactory potential breeders were also involved in the study. The animals were maintained on 12 percent crude protein concentrate, greens and fresh water ad libitum. All measurements in the does were taken at an interval of 24 hours for six days beginning with the day of 2nd Lutalyse® injection. The does were introduced to the bucks 48 hours after the 2nd dose of Lutalyse® and separated from them after the 6th day. The 72-96 and 96-120 hours vaginal smears of 5 does (i.e. 83.3 percent) were characteristic during the study. They were positive for sperm cells and showed sharp increase in the degree of clumping of exfoliated cells. During these periods also, the differences in the percentage of superficial cells (i.e. 77.4 +/- 1.05 and 56.4 +/- 0.77) over other epithelial cells (12.2 +/- 0.38 and 1.30 +/- 0.82) respectively were significant (P<0.05). The percentage leucocytes also varied during the study but increased sharply during 96 -120 hours. The result on vulvar biometry between 0-72 hours and the period during which mating occurred (i.e. 72-120 hours) was not significant (P>0.05). All does with vaginal smear positive for sperm cells were confirmed pregnant at day 60 following mating by ultrasonography. The results of this study show that two injections of 5mg Lutalyse® 7 days apart will produce fertile estrus in the WAD doe. In conclusion, a careful evaluation of 24 hourly exfoliated vaginal cells will enhance synchronized estrus detection in WAD goat and improve their reproductive efficiency.


Fueron investigadas en seis cabras WAD hembras adultas, las características de las células vaginales exfoliadas y la biometría vulvar, tras una sincronización de estros a través de dos inyecciones de 5 mg de Lutalyse ®, administrados cada 7 días, con el fin de hacer posible el uso y predecir el estro. También participaron en este estudio cuatro machos adultos WAD probados recientemente como potenciales reproductores. Los animales fueron alimentados con un concentrado de proteína cruda de 12 por ciento, pastos y agua ad libitum. Las medidas en las cabras fueron tomadas con un intervalo de 24 horas, durante 6 días, a contar de la segunda inyección Lutalyse ®. Después de 48 horas de la 2 dosis de Lutalyse ® las cabras fueron cruzadas, y separadas de los machos después del 6 día. Fue realizado el estudio en frotis vaginales de 72-96 horas y de 96-120 horas, en 5 hembras (83,3 por ciento). Estos frotis fueron positivos para las células espermáticas y mostraron fuerte aumento en el grado de aglutinación de células de descamación. Durante estos períodos, las diferencias en el porcentaje de células superficiales (77,4 +/- 1,05 y 56,4 +/- 0,77) sobre las células epiteliales de otros (12,2 +/- 0,38 y 1,30 +/- 0,82) fueron significativas (P <0,05). También varió el porcentaje de leucocitos durante el estudio, pero aumentó considerablemente durante el periodo de 96-120 horas. El resultado de biometría vulvar entre 0-72 horas y del período durante el cual se produjo el apareamiento (72-120 horas) no fue significativa (P> 0,05). Todas las hembras con frotis vaginal positivo para células espermáticas, se les confirmó la preñez por ecografía, a los 60 días posterior al apareamiento. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que dos inyecciones de 5 mg Lutalyse ® con 7 días de diferencia produce estro fértil en la cabra WAD. En conclusión, una evaluación cuidadosa de las células vaginales exfoliadas a las 24 horas, mejorará la detección del estro en cabras WAD y su eficiencia...


Subject(s)
Male , Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Goats/anatomy & histology , Goats/physiology , Estrus Detection/methods , Prostaglandins/pharmacology , Estrus Synchronization , Africa, Western , Biometry , Dinoprost/analogs & derivatives , Dinoprost/pharmacology , Reproduction , Vaginal Smears , Vagina/cytology , Vagina , Vulva/anatomy & histology , Vulva
5.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 70(3): 167-177, sept. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-631441

ABSTRACT

Determinar y comparar las características citológicas de los epitelios nasal, faríngeo y vaginal en mujeres adultas jóvenes. Estudio prospectivo y transversal de 35 mujeres no embarazadas, entre 18 y 35 años de edad, durante el período comprendido entre el 01 de enero al 01 de julio de 2004; que ingirieron o no anticonceptivos orales y a quienes se les estudiaron las citologías de los epitelios vaginal, faríngeo y nasal, según el porcentaje de índice de maduración de células exfoliadas y la cuantificación sérica de estrógeno y progesterona. En el Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Chiquinquirá de Maracaibo, Estado Zulia. Se determinó que no existe diferencia significativa entre la celularidad de los epitelios estudiados. Se estableció que existe buena correlación entre las células superficiales e intermedias de los frotis de vagina, faringe y nariz durante las fases del ciclo menstrual, en todas las mujeres, aun en las que recibieron píldoras anticonceptivas. Los niveles de estrógenos y progesterona tuvieron concordancia con las fases del ciclo, con el porcentaje y tipo de células exfoliadas. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que los epitelios nasales y faríngeos responden al influjo de hormonas ováricas similarmente como ocurre en la vagina y que estos métodos pueden ser aplicados en condiciones de difícil acceso a laboratorios hormonales o en pacientes vírgenes o con atresia/agenesia vaginal y niñas


To determine and compare the cytological characteristics of nasal, pharyngeal and vaginal epitheliums in young adult women. A prospective and transversal study of 35 non pregnant women of 18 to 35 years old during the period January 1, 2004 - November 2004; some on contraceptives pills, were studied by analysis of smear of nasal, pharyngeal and vaginal trough maturation index of exfoliated cells and serum level of estrogen and progesterone. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Chiquinquira, Maracaibo, Estado Zulia. Venezuela. It was established that exists a good correlation between the superficial and intermediate cells in the different phases of the menstrual cycle and those who received oral contraceptives and the group that did not. Is established that there are correlation between the cells when compared vaginal-pharynx and vaginal-nose, in both groups. The serum levels of estrogen and progesterone were accorded to the cycle phases and with the percentage of cells in both, medicated and non medicated patients. Ours results demonstrate that the nasal and pharyngeal epitheliums respond to ovarian hormones, similar to what occurs in the vagina. It is recommended to use this method in those patients where it is need to investigate the endocrine status and where it is difficult to reach the vagina: nubile girls, vaginal agenesis, imperforate hymen; or where there is not a endocrine laboratory near


Subject(s)
Female , Contraceptives, Oral/administration & dosage , Contraceptives, Oral/adverse effects , Menstrual Cycle/physiology , Epithelial Cells/cytology , Laryngeal Mucosa/cytology , Nasal Mucosa/cytology , Cytological Techniques/methods , Vagina/cytology , Cytodiagnosis , Estrogens/analysis , Progesterone/analysis
6.
Femina ; 37(6): 325-330, jun. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-534078

ABSTRACT

O estudo das neovaginas em mulheres e principalmente em transexuais masculinos operados inclui pequeno número de casos e conta com pouco detalhamento sobre o assunto. Algumas perguntas ainda estão por ser respondidas: é necessária a colpocitologia oncoparasitária? Se necessária, em que espaço de tempo? Devemos nos preocupar com a infecção pelo HPV? Quanto tempo é necessário para haver a completa metaplasia do epitélio utilizado? A flora bacteriana é semelhante? Com o objetivo de chamar a atenção para o tema, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica, abordando aspectos cirúrgicos, oncocitopatológicos, histológicos e morfológicos de neovaginas de mulheres biológicas e transmulheres (transexuais masculinos).


The neovagina studies in women and mainly in operated male transsexuals (transwomen) are few and with few cases specified. Their follow-up is also difficult. Some questions have not been answered yet: is the oncologic colpocytology necessary? If it is necessary, what would the best time to do it? Shall we be worried about HPV infection? What is the necessary time to completely metaplasia? Is the bacterial flora similar? With the purpose of calling attention to this subject, we made a bibliography revision approaching cytological, histological and morphologic aspects of women and transwomen neovaginas (male-to-female transsexual).


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Genitalia, Female/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Urogenital Surgical Procedures/methods , Urogenital Surgical Procedures/trends , Transsexualism , Vagina/anatomy & histology , Vagina/surgery , Vagina/cytology
8.
Femina ; 35(10): 667-670, out. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480247

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar as fases do ciclo estral em ratas, utilizando o lavado vaginal, fornecendo a pesquisadores considerações úteis para o seu reconhecimento. Métodos: coleta da secreção vaginal de ratas wistar, por lavado vaginal a fresco, observada em microscópio ótico com objetivas de 10 e 40 vezes, realizada pela manhã, durante dois ciclos completos, em 70 ratas. Resultados: o ciclo estral tem duração média de quatro dias e pode ser dividido em diestro I e II, proestro e estro, os quais podem ser determinados pela distribuição dos tipos celulares no lavado vaginal. Os três tipos celulares que predominam são os leucócitos, células arredondadas nucleadas e células epiteliais cornificadas. Conclusão: o lavado vaginal de ratas constitui um método importante para o estudo das alterações que ocorrem durante o ciclo estral, devido às mudanças abruptas nos níveis de estradiol que ocorrem nas quatro fases do ciclo. A observação é rápida e fácil de ser realizada.


Subject(s)
Female , Rats , Diestrus/physiology , Estradiol , Estrus , Estrus/physiology , Proestrus/physiology , Vagina/cytology , Rats, Wistar
9.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2006 Oct; 24(4): 283-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53934

ABSTRACT

Prematurity is the cause of 85% of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) is associated with 30-40% of preterm deliveries. A case-control study conducted between July 2002 and 2003 examined the correlates and risk factors for PROM in Mysore, India. WBCs in vaginal fluid, leucocytes in urine, UTI and infection with E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans and BV were significantly associated with PROM. BV, E. coli and WBCs in vaginal fluid were independent risk factors. Screening and treatment of BV and E. coli infection in pregnancy may reduce the risk of PROM.


Subject(s)
Case-Control Studies , Female , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/etiology , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Infant, Premature, Diseases , Leukocytes/cytology , Logistic Models , Multivariate Analysis , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , Risk Factors , Urinary Tract Infections/complications , Vagina/cytology , Vaginosis, Bacterial/complications
10.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-16393

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: While giving the gross anatomy of the mucosa of the vagina, textbooks of Anatomy and Obstetrics and Gynaecology describe the presence of a median longitudinal ridge on its anterior wall (columna rugarum anterior) and another similar ridge (columna rugarum posterior) on its posterior wall is described, and transverse rugae separated by sulci of variable depth, extend bilaterally from these ridges. While conducting autopsy of female cases the routine examination of vaginal mucosa did not show the presence of longitudinal ridges. In addition, some small areas bearing filiform papillae were seen in the lower third of the vagina in young subjects. As these papillae have not been described earlier, it was decided to study them in detail using scanning electron microscopy. METHODS: A total of 215 vaginal specimens were studied. At autopsy the vagina was slit open on the lateral sides up to the upper ends of the lateral fornices. The anterior vaginal wall was turned up over the uterus and mucosa of both walls examined macroscopically. In 16 subjects, small pieces of vaginal mucosa bearing filiform papillae were cut out and processed for examination under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a light microscope. In addition, vaginae of 55 married women (20-40 yr age) with complain of lower abdominal pain or infertility were examined particularly for the median longitudinal ridges on the vaginal walls. RESULTS: At autopsy, the two median longitudinal ridges were not seen in any instance. Small variable areas of the lower third of the vagina showed the presence of filiform papillae on the two walls and at sides; they were prominent in the young individuals and tended to become absent in multipara and in old age. They were 2 to 3 in number on each wall. Histologically the papilla showed a core of highly vascular connective tissue covered by non-keratinized squamous epithelium. Immunoperoxidase staining with S-100 showed a large number of small nerve fibres in the subepithelial tissue which seemed to be more than in the surrounding areas not covered with papillae. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Anterior and posterior median longitudinal ridges were not seen on the vaginal mucosa in the autopsy specimens. In all autopsy specimens of young subjects between the ages of 15 and 40 yr, variable areas bearing filiform papillae were observed on the mucosa of the lower third of the vagina. Further studies need to be done to throw light on the role of these papillae.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Autopsy , Female , Humans , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Middle Aged , Mucous Membrane/ultrastructure , Vagina/cytology
11.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2006 Jan; 24(1): 30-3
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53749

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the role of humoral immune response and bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of symptomatic and asymptomatic urinary tract infection in women. METHODS: The study population consisted of 30 women with symptomatic UTI, 30 women with asymptomatic UTI and 30 healthy women as controls. Bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial cells was studied and the concentration of serum and urine antibodies to mixed coliform antigen and clinical isolate was determined by ELISA. Surface hydrophobicity of the urine isolates was determined. Student's unpaired t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient test were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Compared to asymptomatic UTI, significantly more number of bacteria adhered to the epithelial cells of women with symptomatic UTI (P< 0.001). All cases of UTI had significantly high concentration of urinary IgG antibody to mixed coliform antigens. Asymptomatic UTI cases had higher concentrations of urinary IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies to clinical isolate. Concentration of sIgA level was more in symptomatic UTI. Significant correlation was observed between urinary IgG and adherence of clinical isolate in case of asymptomatic UTI. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that greater receptivity of epithelial cells to bacteria may increase the susceptibility to UTI. Humoral immune response and local immunity may modify the pathogenesis of UTI.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , Bacterial Adhesion , Enterobacteriaceae/immunology , Epithelial Cells/microbiology , Escherichia coli/immunology , Escherichia coli Infections/immunology , Female , Humans , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Surface Properties , Urinary Tract Infections/immunology , Vagina/cytology
12.
São Paulo; s.n; 2006. [65] p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-587073

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a citologia cérvico-vaginal em adolescentes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil (LESJ) e comparar com controles. Material e métodos: Cinqüenta e duas adolescentes com LESJ (critérios do American College of Rheumatology) foram comparadas com 52 controles saudáveis. Todos os esfregaços de Papanicolaou foram avaliados por uma mesma citopatologista, que desconhecia o exame ginecológico, e foram classificados de acordo com o Sistema de Bethesda, 2001. Resultados: As médias das idades das pacientes com LESJ e controles foram similares (16,17 ± 1,94 versus 16,13 ± 2,16 anos, p=0,92). A citologia cérvico-vaginal foi similar em ambos os grupos, embora as relações sexuais no último mês tenham sido menos freqüentes nas pacientes com LESJ em relação aos controles (23% versus 59,6%, p=0,0003). Apenas uma paciente (2%) com LESJ e duas controles (4%) tinham displasia cervical (LIE-BG) e papilomavírus humano (HPV) (p=1,0). Citologia cérvico-vaginal inflamatória foi observada em 21 (60%) das pacientes com SLEDAI maior ou igual a 4 e em apenas 4 (23%) daqueles com SLEDAI < 4 (p=0,001). Assim como, uma maior freqüência de achados inflamatórios também foi observada em adolescentes virgens com LESJ (57% versus 8%, p=0,005). Vaginite por Candida spp foi observada em 7 pacientes com LESJ (14%) e em nenhuma dos controles (p=0,012), e foi associada com uso de drogas imunossupressoras (p=0,01) e dose alta de prednisona (p=0,002). Conclusão: Nossos achados indicam que o trato genital feminino é um órgão alvo no LESJ, pois inflamação cérvico-vaginal está associada com atividade da doença independentemente da atividade sexual.


Objective: To evaluate cervicovaginal cytology in adolescents with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and to compare them to controls. Material and methods: Fifty-two female adolescents with JSLE (American College of Rheumatology criteria) were compared to 52 age-matched healthy controls. All Pap smears were evaluated by the same cytopathologist blinded to gynecology examination, and performed according to the Bethesda Classification System 2001. Results: The mean age of JSLE patients and controls were similar (16.17 ± 1.94 vs. 16.13 ± 2.16 years, p=0.92). The cervicovaginal cytology was found to be similar in both groups, although sexual intercourses in the last month were less frequent in JSLE than controls (23% vs. 59.6%, p=0.0003). Only one patient (2%) with JSLE versus two controls (4%) had cervical dysplasia (LGSIL) and human papilomavirus (p=1.0). Inflammatory cervicovaginal cytology was observed in 21 (60%) of patients with SLEDAI ? 4 and only 4(23%) of those with SLEDAI<4 (p=0.001). Likewise, a higher frequency of inflammatory changes were also observed in virgin JSLE (57% vs. 8%, p=0.005). Candida spp vaginitis was observed in 7 JSLE (14%) versus none in controls (p=0.012) and was associated to immunosuppressive drugs (p=0.01) and high dose of prednisone (p=0.002). Conclusion: Our findings supports the notion that female genital tract is a target organ in SLE since cervical inflammation is associated to disease activity independently of sexual activity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Adolescent , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Vaginal Smears , Vaginitis , Vagina/cytology
13.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 43(2): 227-232, 2006. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-454657

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 11 exemplares de fêmeas adultas de leões africanos (Panthera leo) mantidas na Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo (FPZSP) quanto às características da citologia vaginal, níveis hormonais (estradiol e progesterona) e suas correlações. As características celulares vaginais encontradas nas leoas foram semelhantes às descritas para os felinos domésticos. Adotando-se os padrões hormonais de estradiol (E2) e progesterona (P4) que definem as fases do ciclo estral de felinos domésticos, foi possível caracterizar três fases do ciclo ovariano nas leoas: Diestro, Estro e Interestro. O nível médio de E2 sérico encontrado na fase caracterizada como Estro (23,33 + / - 2,92 pg/ ml;, apresentou-se mais alto do que nas outras fases estudadas e o nível médio de P4 sérico encontrado na fase de Diestro (20,12 + / - 17,55 ng/ ml; apresentou diferença estatística significativa em comparação às outras fases estudadas. Demonstrou-se também, a existência de correlação de intensidade média entre os níveis séricos de P4 e o número de células superficiais corneificadas (r= - 0,603 e p = 0,0496) e entre P4 e células intermediárias (r = 0,637 e p = 0,0350). Também foi demonstrada a existência de correlação negativa de forte intensidade entre os números de células superficiais corneificadas e o de células intermediárias. (r = -0,979 e p < 0,0001). Concluímos que a correlação entre as características celulares vaginais e os níveis séricos de progesterona e estradiol permitiram-nos determinar três diferentes fases do ciclo ovariano da fêmea de leão africano.


Eleven captive adult female African lions (Panthera feo) at the Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo were blood sampled in order to assess the serum hormone levels (estradiol and progesterone) and their correlation with the vaginal citology. The morphological and stainning characteristics of vaginal cells were similar to those described for domestic cats. Based on hormonal proflles of estradiol and progesterone described for domestic cats, three different phases for the ovarian cycle of the lionesses were clearly described: diestrus, estrus and interestrus. The mean serum estradiol concentrations in the estrus (23,33 + / - 2,92 pg/ ml) were significantly higher than in diestrus and interestrus. The mean serum progesterone values in diestrus (20,12 + / - 17,55 ng/ml) were significantly higher than in estrus and interestrus. There were correlations between progesterone values and the number of superficial cornifled vaginal cells (r = - 0,603 and p = 0,0496) and between progesterone and intermediate cells (r = 0,637 and p = 0,0350). There were also a strong negative correlation between the number of superficial cornified vaginal cells and intermediate cells (r= -0,979 e p < 0,0001). It concluded that the correlations between vaginal cells and the serum estradiol and progesterone levels allowed us to identify three different phases of the ovarian cycle in female African lion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Estrous Cycle/physiology , Cytology/classification , Estradiol/analysis , Estradiol/blood , Lions , Progesterone/analysis , Progesterone/blood , Vagina/cytology
14.
Acta cir. bras ; 20(4): 329-335, July-Aug. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-414206

ABSTRACT

A castracão, assim como a menopausa, representa estágio de supressão endócrina em que prevalece o hipoestrogenismo e sua conseqüência maior sobre o músculo esquelético é provocar sarcopenia. OBJETIVOS: estudar as alteracões histomorfológicas do músculo esquelético de ratos fêmeas castrados. MÉTODOS: vinte e seis ratos Wistar, distribuídos em dois grupos, A e B, submetidos inicialmente à pesagem, citologia vaginal, ovariectomia e biópsia do músculo rectus femoris das patas traseiras, grupo A na direita e B na esquerda. Decorridos 20 dias foi colhido citologia vaginal para comprovar o estado de anestro. Após 70 dias os animais foram pesados e passaram por biópsia muscular, grupo A na pata E e grupo B na D. A histomorfometria foi realizada com o auxílio de uma lente gradiculada de 1cmy, com retículo de Weibel de 1mmy; contou-se as miofibrilas com seis leituras na vertical e cinco na horizontal em cada lamina, obtendo-se um número múltiplo que aplicado sobre uma formula especifica para calcular o Coeficiente de Densidade Muscular. RESULTADOS: em A a densidade muscular variou de 60.0 para 52.33 (p<0,05) com variacão de 14,12 por cento, e em B de 73.5 para 54.0 (p<0,05 por cento) com variacão de 26,53 por cento. CONCLUSAO: A castracão provocou sarcopenia no músculo esquelético e reducão do número de miofibrilas.


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Female , Anestrus/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Ovariectomy/adverse effects , Myofibrils/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Vagina/cytology
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 20(supl.1): 78-81, 2005. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-414640

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi à padronização de uma técnica de coleta e coloração em meio líquido que alie a praticidade e a riqueza citológica, possibilitando uma maior reprodutividade e facilidade microscópica. MÉTODOS: Ratas wistar (n=20) foram submetidas à coleta vaginal diária em salina e o lavado fixado (éter/álcool) e corado em suspensão com solução de azul de Evans 0,025 por cento. A amostra foi concentrada por centrifugação e observado sob objetiva de 40 x. RESULTADOS: Os esfregaços corados permitiram nítida diferenciação das fases do ciclo hormonal (diestro, proestro, estro e metaestro); além da diferenciação dos tipos celulares em relação ao seu grau de maturação tendo como parâmetros o tamanho celular, relação núcleo / citoplasma (RNC) e reação tintorial. O estudo demonstrou a existência de três padrões celulares básicos: células com baixa RNC, acentuada cianofília e pequeno tamanho; células com acréscimo na RNC, perda de cianofilia e maior volume citoplasmático e células queratinizadas anucleadas em aspecto de escama. CONCLUSÃO: A coloração do material permitiu, além da classificação citológica, a possibilidade de quantificação o que resultaria em um acompanhamento mais acurado do ciclo estral.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Estrous Cycle/physiology , Vagina/cytology , Vaginal Smears/methods , Cell Count , Cell Size , Coloring Agents , Cytological Techniques/methods , Cytological Techniques/standards , Evans Blue , Models, Animal , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results
16.
Kasr El Aini Journal of Surgery. 2004; 5 (2): 87-93
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-67172

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate a new technique of vaginal reconstruction following anterior pelvic exenteration with clinical and cyto-histological follow up. Between March 2000 and November 2002, ten sexually active female patients underwent vaginal reconstruction after radical cystectomy that required en-bloc removal of the anterior vaginal wall, with a pedicle flap of greater omentum combined with a vicryl mesh. The mean operative time of the reconstructive procedure was 50 minutes. There were no complications regarding the reconstructive procedure. On the follow up, the neovagina accepted two fingers easily and showed pink colored smooth lining. Seven patients reported a successful attempted sexual intercourse. The combined cytological and histological follow up was very reliable and beneficial in the detection of complete healing, postoperative infections, hormonal activity of the flap and recurrence of malignancy


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Surgical Flaps , Omentum , Vagina/cytology , Histology , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Pelvic Exenteration , Surgical Mesh
17.
Säo Paulo; s.n; 2000. 112 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-272561

ABSTRACT

O estrogênio desempenha importante papel na manutenção da continência urinária feminina, influenciando os fatores que determinam a pressão intra-uretral, incluindo o plexo vascular submucoso da uretra. Após a menopausa, o declínio da função gonadal pode levar ao aparecimento de vários sinais e sintomas decorrentes das alterações atróficas que ocorrem no trato urogenital. O tamoxifeno é um antiestrogênio não esteroídico que possui ações biológicas complexas e ainda pouco compreendidas. Comporta-se como antiestrogênio em determinados tecidos, como a mama, mas em outros, como o sistemas cardiovascular e o osso, tem propriedades agonistas. A avaliação da citologia vaginal sugere ação estrogênica sobre o epitélio escamoso da vagina. Não há estudos que avaliem a influência do tamoxifeno sobre o trato urinário. Estudamos os efeitos do uso de tamoxifeno sobre os parâmetros dopplervelocimétricos dos vasos peri-uretrais de mulheres na pós-menopausa e sobre o valor de maturação do epitélio da vagina e das células escamosas do sedimento urinário. Quarenta mulheres na pós-menopausa, todas em acompanhamento por câncer de mama, foram submetidas à dopplervelocimetria colorida dos vasos peri-uretrais e à coleta de citologias vaginal e urinaria. Vinte e uma pacientes estavam em uso de tamoxifeno 20 mg/dia há pelo menos cinco meses (grupo I). Dezenove mulheres não estavam recebendo terapia hormonal (grupo II). Foram excluídas as mulheres portadoras de diabetes, obesidade mórbida, hipertensão arterial, doenças vasculares e aquelas que estavam usando drogas vasoativas. O número de vasos peri-uretrais, a relação A/B e os índices de resistência e pulsatilidade foram estudados com o uso do equipamento de ultra-som ATL-HD 2000. Após a realização do exame, foram colhidas citologias urinaria e vaginal, e calculado o valor de maturação das mesmas. Os grupos foram comparados pelo teste não-paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. Foi considerado significante o valor de p £ O,05. Em comparação com o grupo que não recebeu medicação, as pacientes que usavam tamoxifeno possuíam índices de resistência e pulsatilidade menores (p < O,05). Apresentavam também maior número de vasos e maior valor de maturação da citologia vaginal (p < O,05). O presente estudo mostrou evidências de efeitos do tamoxifeno sobre o plexo vascular submucoso da uretra feminina e sobre o valor de maturação dos esfregaços vaginais, indicando haver ação estrogênica fraca


Subject(s)
Postmenopause , Tamoxifen , Therapeutic Irrigation , Ultrasonography , Urethra , Vagina/cytology
18.
Rev. chil. anat ; 18(2): 231-5, 2000. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-282212

ABSTRACT

Myocastor coypus es un roedor de tamaño mediano, considerado internacionalmente como una especie de interés económico por sus cualidades peleteras. El estudio morfológico de su vagina reviste importancia en el marco de investigaciones de su fisiología reproductiva. La vagina de coipos sexualmente maduros se presentó como un órgano tubular, de 10,25 ñ 1,40 cm de longitud. La pared vaginal fue muy delgada, distinguiéndose en ella cuatro túnicas: mucosa, submucosa, muscular y adventicia o serosa (según la región). Su epitelio de revestimiento era de tipo escamoso estratificado y glandular. En la túnica muscular se diferenciaron dos capas de tejido muscular liso con abundancia de tejido conectivo. La serosa, conformada por tejido conectivo de aspecto denso, presentó numerosos y grandes vasos sanguíneos


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Otters/anatomy & histology , Vagina/anatomy & histology , Connective Tissue/anatomy & histology , Vagina/blood supply , Vagina/cytology
19.
Rev. ginecol. obstet ; 8(1): 40-6, jan.-mar. 1997.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-198608

ABSTRACT

Foram estudadas 152 pacientes com condiloma acuminado vulvar atraves da colposcopia, colpocitologia oncotica e histologia. Os achados colposcopicos mostraram: achados normais em 42,8 por cento anormais em 41,4 por cento e condiloma acuminado cervical em 15,8 por cento dos casos. A vaginoscopia revelou achados anormais em 0,7 por cento, condiloma acuminado vaginal em 46,7 por cento. Os sinais de infeccao pelo HPV no esfregaco cervicovaginal totalizaram 42,8 por cento. Foi encontrada NIC em 9,2 por cento e carcinoma invasor de colo uterino em 0,7 por cento dos casos. E necessaria a colposcopia de todo o trato genital na presenca de condiloma acuminado vulvar. A citologia oncotica, a histologia e a hibridizacao molecular sao importantes no diagnostico da infeccao pelo HPV


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Colposcopy , Condylomata Acuminata/pathology , Hybridization, Genetic , Cervix Uteri/cytology , Papilloma/diagnosis , Vagina/cytology
20.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 1997 Jan; 40(1): 27-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-73508

ABSTRACT

Evaluation of luteal phase function is an important part of fertility evaluation in the female. Among fifty clinically identified patients with primary infertility certain well-established laboratory methods were used to identify the luteal phase defect. These methods included serum progesterone assays, endometrial biopsy, vaginal cytology, basal body temperatures and cervical mucus scoring, with appropriate controls. Based on both endometrial biopsy which was two or more days out of phase and the serum progesterone level of less than 2.5 ng/ml, luteal phase defect was found in five patients among the 50 patients (10 percent). It was found that an endometrial biopsy which was well dated showed a definite correlation with the progesterone assays and could be considered as the most easily performed and reliable indicator, useful in detecting a luteal phase defect.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Biopsy , Body Temperature , Endometrium/pathology , Female , Humans , Infertility/diagnosis , Luteal Phase , Progesterone/analysis , Vagina/cytology , Vaginal Smears
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